Important Shortcuts Keys For Computer

 Important Shortcuts Keys For Computer

CTRL+A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Select All CTRL+C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Copy

CTRL+X. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cut

CTRL+V. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paste

CTRL+Z. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Undo

CTRL+B. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bold

CTRL+U. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Underline

CTRL+I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Italic

F1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Help

F2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rename selected object

F3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Find all files

F4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Opens file list drop-down in dialogs

F5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Refresh current window

F6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shifts focus in Windows Explorer

F10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Activates menu bar options

ALT+TAB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cycles between open applications

ALT+F4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Quit program, close current window

ALT+F6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Switch between current program windows

ALT+ENTER. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Opens properties dialog

ALT+SPACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . System menu for current window

ALT+¢ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . opens drop-down lists in dialog boxes

BACKSPACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . Switch to parent folder

CTRL+ESC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Opens Start menu

CTRL+ALT+DEL . . . . . . . . . . Opens task manager, reboots the computer

CTRL+TAB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Move through property tabs

CTRL+SHIFT+DRAG . . . . . . . Create shortcut (also right-click, drag)

CTRL+DRAG . . . . . . . . . . . . . Copy File

ESC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cancel last function

SHIFT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Press/hold SHIFT, insert CD-ROM to bypass auto-play

SHIFT+DRAG . . . . . . . . . . . . Move file

SHIFT+F10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Opens context menu (same as right-click)

SHIFT+DELETE . . . . . . . . . . . Full wipe delete (bypasses Recycle Bin)

ALT+underlined letter . . . . Opens the corresponding menu

PC Keyboard Shortcuts

Document Cursor Controls

HOME . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to beginning of line or far left of field or screen

END . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to end of line, or far right of field or screen

CTRL+HOME . . . . . . . . to the top

CTRL+END . . . . . . . . . . to the bottom

PAGE UP . . . . . . . . . . . . moves document or dialog box up one page

PAGE DOWN . . . . . . . . moves document or dialog down one page

ARROW KEYS . . . . . . . move focus in documents, dialogs, etc.

CTRL+ > . . . . . . . . . . . . next word

CTRL+SHIFT+ > . . . . . . selects word

Windows Explorer Tree Control

Numeric Keypad * . . . Expand all under current selection

Numeric Keypad + . . . Expands current selection

Numeric Keypad – . . . Collapses current selection

¦ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Expand current selection or go to first child

‰ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Collapse current selection or go to parent

Special Characters

‘ Opening single quote . . . alt 0145

’ Closing single quote . . . . alt 0146

“ Opening double quote . . . alt 0147

“ Closing double quote. . . . alt 0148

– En dash. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . alt 0150

— Em dash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . alt 0151

… Ellipsis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . alt 0133

• Bullet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . alt 0149

• Registration Mark . . . . . . . alt 0174

• Copyright . . . . . . . . . . . . . alt 0169

• Trademark . . . . . . . . . . . . alt 0153

• ° Degree symbol. . . . . . . . . alt 0176

• ¢ Cent sign . . . . . . . . . . . . . alt 0162

• 1⁄4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . alt 0188

• 1⁄2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . alt 0189

• 3⁄4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . alt 0190

• PC Keyboard Shortcuts

• Creating unique images in a uniform world! Creating unique images in a uniform world!

• é . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . alt 0233

• É . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . alt 0201

• ñ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . alt 0241

• ÷ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . alt 0247

• File menu options in current program

• Alt + E Edit options in current program

• F1 Universal help (for all programs)

• Ctrl + A Select all text

• Ctrl + X Cut selected item

• Shift + Del Cut selected item

• Ctrl + C Copy selected item

• Ctrl + Ins Copy selected item

• Ctrl + V Paste

• Shift + Ins Paste

• Home Go to beginning of current line

• Ctrl + Home Go to beginning of document

• End Go to end of current line

• Ctrl + End Go to end of document

• Shift + Home Highlight from current position to beginning of line

• Shift + End Highlight from current position to end of line

• Ctrl + f Move one word to the left at a time

• Ctrl + g Move one word to the right at a time

• MICROSOFT WINDOWS® SHORTCUT KEYS

• Alt + Tab Switch between open applications

• Alt +

• Shift + Tab

• Switch backwards between open

• applications

• Alt + Print

• Screen

• Create screen shot for current program

• Ctrl + Alt + Del Reboot/Windows task manager

• Ctrl + Esc Bring up start menu

• Alt + Esc Switch between applications on taskbar

• F2 Rename selected icon

• F3 Start find from desktop

• F4 Open the drive selection when browsing

• F5 Refresh contents

• Alt + F4 Close current open program

• Ctrl + F4 Close window in program

• Ctrl + Plus

• Key

• Automatically adjust widths of all columns

• in Windows Explorer

• Alt + Enter Open properties window of selected icon

• or program

• Shift + F10 Simulate right-click on selected item

• Shift + Del Delete programs/files permanently

• Holding Shift

• During Bootup

• Boot safe mode or bypass system files

• Holding Shift

• During Bootup

• When putting in an audio CD, will prevent

• CD Player from playing

• WINKEY SHORTCUTS

• WINKEY + D Bring desktop to the top of other windows

• WINKEY + M Minimize all windows

• WINKEY +

• SHIFT + M

• Undo the minimize done by WINKEY + M

• and WINKEY + D

• WINKEY + E Open Microsoft Explorer

• WINKEY + Tab Cycle through open programs on taskbar

• WINKEY + F Display the Windows Search/Find feature

• WINKEY +

• CTRL + F

• Display the search for computers window

• WINKEY + F1 Display the Microsoft Windows help

• WINKEY + R Open the run window

• WINKEY +

• Pause /Break

• Open the system properties window

• WINKEY + U Open utility manager

• WINKEY + L Lock the computer (Windows XP & later)

• OUTLOOK SHORTCUT KEYS

• Alt + S Send the email

• Ctrl + C Copy selected text

• Ctrl + X Cut selected text

• Ctrl + P Open print dialog box

• Ctrl + K Complete name/email typed in address bar

• Ctrl + B Bold highlighted selection

• Ctrl + I Italicize highlighted selection

• Ctrl + U Underline highlighted selection

• Ctrl + R Reply to an email

• Ctrl + F Forward an email

• Ctrl + N Create a new email

• Ctrl + Shift + A Create a new appointment to your calendar

• Ctrl + Shift + O Open the outbox

• Ctrl + Shift + I Open the inbox

• Ctrl + Shift + K Add a new task

• Ctrl + Shift + C Create a new contact

• Ctrl + Shift+ J Create a new journal entry

• WORD SHORTCUT KEYS

• Ctrl + A Select all contents of the page

• Ctrl + B Bold highlighted selection

• Ctrl + C Copy selected text

• Ctrl + X Cut selected text

• Ctrl + N Open new/blank document

• Ctrl + O Open options

• Ctrl + P Open the print window

• Ctrl + F Open find box

• Ctrl + I Italicize highlighted selection

• Ctrl + K Insert link

• Ctrl + U Underline highlighted selection

• Ctrl + V Paste

• Ctrl + Y Redo the last action performed

• Ctrl + Z Undo last action

• Ctrl + G Find and replace options

• Ctrl + H Find and replace options

• Ctrl + J Justify paragraph alignment

• Ctrl + L Align selected text or line to the left

• Ctrl + Q Align selected paragraph to the left

• Ctrl + E Align selected

ChromeOS Firmware Utility Script

 

ChromeOS Firmware Utility Script

The ChromeOS Firmware Utility Script simplifies the most common functions most users need when interacting with the firmware on their ChromeOS device. It can be run from ChromeOS, or any Linux which has a full Bash shell (so LibreELEC users need to boot a Ubuntu Live USB (eg) and run it from there). Currently, it allows the user to:

• Install/Update the RW_LEGACY firmware with a newer/working/customized version of the SeaBIOS firmware payload
• Install/Update coreboot/UEFI (Full ROM) firmware, built from the latest sources
• Set the Boot Options (GBB Flags) (only for stock ChromeOS firmware)
• Set the device's Hardware ID (only for stock ChromeOS firmware)
• Remove the ChromeOS Developer/Recovery mode Bitmaps (only for stock ChromeOS firmware)
• Restore the ChromeOS Bitmaps (only for stock ChromeOS firmware)
• Restore the Stock BOOT_STUB
• Restore the Stock Firmware

At startup, the Firmware Utility Script will automatically detect the device, OS, and current firmware details, and show a customized menu options based on this information. Some options may be greyed-out/disabled for some devices. Because most of these operations are being done to normally read-only parts of the firmware, the firmware write protect will need to be removed for most of the script's functions. This is documented for each function below, and the script will likewise check and display the write-protect state for each function that requires it to be disabled.

IMPORTANT:

Due to recent changes in ChromeOS' security settings, a new set of commands must be used to run the Firmware Utility Script under ChromeOS. Running it under Linux can use the same old one-line command.
Also, you must execute these commands **as a normal/non-root user**. Running them as root will break things.

To download and run this script under ChromeOS, from a terminal/shell type:
cd; curl -LO mrchromebox.tech/firmware-util.sh
sudo install -Dt /usr/local/bin -m 755 firmware-util.sh
sudo firmware-util.sh
and press enter. (copy/paste these to avoid typos)

To download and run this script under Linux, from a terminal/shell type:
cd; curl -LO mrchromebox.tech/firmware-util.sh && sudo bash firmware-util.sh
and press enter.

If you encounter certificate related errors when downloading the script from ChromeOS, then add -k to the curl command and script command to bypass SSL certificate checking as so:
cd; curl -LOk mrchromebox.tech/firmware-util.sh
sudo install -Dt /usr/local/bin -m 755 firmware-util.sh
sudo firmware-util.sh -k

NOTE: Under ChromeOS, this script must be run from a crosh shell (CTRL+ALT+T, 'shell', enter) or VT2 (CTRL+ALT+F2, login 'chronos'); it cannot be run from a crostini (penguin) terminal as that is a virtualized container and lacks the necessary access to read or modify the firmware.

Firmware Utility Script, on device with stock firmware and WP enabled

Firmware Utility Script, on device with stock firmware and WP disabled

Firmware Utility Script, on device with Full ROM firmware and WP disabled

In the screenshots above, only the script functions available for the device and current firmware are enabled (cyan text); unavailable functions are in grey. Features which require the firmware WP to be disabled are clearly labeled as such, along with the ability of that function to be used based on the current WP state.

Script Functions Explained

• Install/Update the RW_LEGACY Firmware

  This option performs two simple tasks: it sets the crossystem boot flag necessary to enable Legacy Boot mode, and it installs an RW_LEGACY firmware update appropriate for the device. Users will have the option to set the default boot device (internal storage [default] or USB/SD); Haswell/Broadwell Chromebox users will also have the option to enable "headless" (no display attached) booting, which is really only useful if you're going to run the box without a display and connect remotely (eg, via ssh). Changing either of these options requires re-running this script function.

  After updating the RW_LEGACY firmware, Legacy Boot Mode can be accessed via [CTRL+L] on the Developer Mode boot screen. It can also be set as the default by changing the GBB Flags via 'Set Boot Options' feature below.

  Supported Devices: All Haswell, Broadwell, and Baytrail, Braswell, Skylake, ApolloLake, Kabylake, Whiskeylake, Jasperlake, and Picasso/Dali (Zen2) ChromeOS devices, Cometlake Chromeboxes, plus the Chromebook Pixel 2013

  Requires firmware write-protect disabled: NO



• Install/Update UEFI (Full ROM) Firmware

  As this is a full replacement firmware, the script will offer users the option to back up their stock firmware on USB (required if the script is not capable of providing a stock firmware image).

  As Chromeboxes store their Ethernet MAC address in the RO_VPD (read-only vital product data) region of the stock firmware, the script will extract that region from the stock firmware and inject it into the new firmware ensuring the unique MAC address isn't lost. It will also persist the VPD region across firmware updates, so this is all transparent to the user.

  After installing the UEFI (Full ROM) Firmware, your device will boot directly in UEFI Mode; ChromeOS will not be able boot. Your ChromeOS device is now a "regular PC," and you can install the OS of your choice without any special instructions.

  Supported Devices: All SandyBridge, IvyBridge, Haswell, Broadwell, Baytrail, Braswell, Skylake, Kabylake, Cometlake, and AMD StoneyRidge ChromeOS devices

  Requires firmware write-protect disabled: YES



• Set Boot Options (GBB Flags)

  This script function allows one to change the timeout for the Developer Mode boot screen (2s or 30s) and the default boot target (ChromeOS or Legacy Boot Mode). Setting the boot target to Legacy Boot removes the requirement of pressing [CTRL+L] at boot; instead, you must press [CTRL+D] to boot ChromeOS. This function is just a wrapper around the gbb_utility application built into ChromeOS that will read the GBB region from the stock firmware, set the GBB flags based on user input, and write it back to flash. For all options except 'Factory Default,' the GBB flags will also be set to force-enable legacy booting (GBB_FLAG_FORCE_DEV_BOOT_LEGACY), which overrides the crosssytem dev_boot_legacy flag, and to force-enable Developer Mode (GBB_FLAG_FORCE_DEV_SWITCH_ON), which prevents exiting Developer Mode via the spacebar (either accidentially or intentionally).

  Regardless of which default boot mode is selected, one can always override the default via keystroke: [CTRL+D] for ChromeOS Developer Mode, or [CTRL+L] for Legacy Boot Mode.

  Note: Whenever the GBB Flags are set to anything besides the Factory Default, their current value will be displayed in a small black box in the upper-left corner of the Developer Mode boot screen, along with other some other firmware/OS-related info. This is normal and no cause for alarm, though you'll need to re-run the script and reset them to the Factory Default before exiting Developer Mode (should you want to do so).

  After setting the Boot Options / GBB flags, the boot timeout and default OS will be whatever you selected, and can be changed at any time by re-running this script function.

  Supported Devices: All ChromeOS devices running stock (or stock + RW_LEGACY) firmware

  Requires firmware write-protect disabled: YES



• Set Hardware ID (HWID)

  This script function is also just a wrapper around the gbb_utility application built into ChromeOS. It will read the GBB region from the stock firmware, set the HWID based on user input, and write it back to flash. The only time this function is needed is if one flashed a generic recovery image firmware (aka a shellball ROM) from a source *other than this script* instead of restoring a backup of their own device firmware. Shellball ROMs extracted from a recovery image (or obtained from other sites/sources) have a generic HWID embedded which ChromeOS does not recognize as valid for purposes of OS and firmware updates (among other things), so it's necessary to set a valid one. HWIDs aren't unique, so any valid one will do.

  Note: If you restored your stock firmware using the option from this script, it is not necesary to set the HWID afterward.

  After setting a valid HWID, simply reboot and ChromeOS updates should work normally.

  Supported Devices: All ChromeOS devices running stock (or stock + RW_LEGACY) firmware

  Requires firmware write-protect disabled: YES



• Remove ChromeOS Bitmaps

  This function removes the ChromeOS bitmap (image) files used to display the Developer Mode and Recovery boot screens, leaving you with a simple black screen with white terminal text -- much easier on the eyes, esp when booting in a darkened environment.

    becomes  

  Note: ChromeOS updates might occasionally restore the missing bitmaps, so if you're still running ChromeOS you may need to re-run this function as needed.

  Credit to Joshua Stein for bringing this to my attention via his blog which I stumbled upon somehow.

  Supported Devices: All pre-Skylake/pre-ApolloLake ChromeOS devices running stock (or stock + RW_LEGACY) firmware

  Requires firmware write-protect disabled: YES



• Restore ChromeOS Bitmaps

  This script function reverses the function above :)

  Supported Devices: All pre-Skylake/pre-ApolloLake ChromeOS devices running stock (or stock + RW_LEGACY) firmware

  Requires firmware write-protect disabled: YES



• Restore Stock BOOT_STUB

  This script function will restore the stock BOOT_STUB for any device running a modified BOOT_STUB firmware. It will first attempt to use the built-in backup created by this script, and failing that, will download the firmware from a recovery image (a shellball ROM) and extract the stock BOOT_STUB from that. This option is only displayed on devices running BOOT_STUB firmware.

  After restoring the stock BOOT_STUB, you will need to reboot and reinstall ChromeOS from the recovery media. You can also install the RW_LEGACY firmware if you're switching to it for some reason.

  Supported Devices: All Haswell, Broadwell, and Baytrail ChromeOS devices running modified BOOT_STUB firmware (whether installed from this script or another)

  Requires firmware write-protect disabled: YES



• Restore Stock Firmware

  This script function will restore the stock firmware, preferably from a backed-up copy on USB. For most devices, if a user-provided backup is not available, the script will download the firmware from a recovery image (a shellball ROM). For Chromeboxes, if the current fimware contains an embedded VPD region, it will be extracted and merged before flashing. These (device-specific) shellball ROMs have been modified to include a valid hardware ID (HWID), so ChromeOS updates will work normally. Support for flashing shellball ROMs for additional devices is planned for the near future.

  After restoring the stock firmware, you will need to reboot and reinstall ChromeOS from the recovery media. After booting ChromeOS, you will need to re-run this script and reset the Boot Flags/GBB Flags in order to exit Developer Mode and fully return to stock.

  Supported Devices: All ChromeOS devices running non-stock firmware (shellball ROMs provided for all SandyBridge, Ivy Bridge, Haswell, Broadwell, Baytrail, Braswell, and Skylake devices)

  Requires firmware write-protect disabled: YES

The Reboot and Power Off options are (hopefully) sufficiently self-explanitory :)

If running UEFI Full ROM firmware, there will be an additional option to clear the NVRAM. This will delete all bootorder entries stored in NVRAM, and they will be created again on the next boot (or next time grub is updated).

The source for the Firmware Utility Script (as well as all helper/accessory scripts) can be found on my 'scripts' github repository. Any issues, feature requests, and/or improvements can be reported via the issue tracker or a pull request.

 

Каждый палец связан с 2-мя органами: японские методы лечения за 5 минут!

Интересный метод лечения!

Существует увлекательный метод альтернативной медицины, который очень популярен среди японцев и основан на идее, что каждый палец одной руки каким-то образом связан с двумя органами в организме. Благодаря своей популярности и широкой практике этот метод обязан своей высокой эффективности и быстрым результатам — результаты ощущаются всего за несколько минут!

Давайте познакомим вас с древним методом исцеления, который также известен как Джин Син Джютсу. Это помогает балансировать эмоции, стимулируя определенные зоны на руках. Практика этого метода лечения основывается на убеждении, что баланс энергии тела может быть поддержан стимуляцией определенных существенных точек пальцев, и, следовательно, физическое и эмоциональное здоровье можно улучшить.

Если быть конкретным, этот метод заключается в том, чтобы надавить на палец и удерживать его в течение 3-5 минут. В течение этого короткого промежутка времени вы должны сконцентрироваться на своем дыхании и стараться глубоко и медленно дышать. Как только вы отпустите палец, вы должны мягко массировать все пальцы на обеих руках. Делая это, вы нацелитесь на орган, который хотите исцелить.

Это займет всего 3-5 минут — не больше!

Кроме того, очень важно упомянуть, что каждый орган также связан с определенной эмоцией.

Ниже вы найдете больше информации о том, какой палец за какой орган отвечает.

Большой палец.

Органы: селезенка и желудок.

Эмоции: депрессия и тревога.

Физические симптомы: головные боли, проблемы с кожей, нервозность, боли в животе.

Указательный палец.

Органы: почки, мочевой пузырь.

Эмоции: замешательство, недовольство, страх.

Физические симптомы: проблемы с пищеварением, боль в мышцах, боли в спине.

Средний палец.

Органы: печень, желчный пузырь.

Эмоции: раздражительность, ярость, неопределенность.

Физические симптомы: проблемы с кровообращением, головные боли (в частности, лобная область), усталость, менструальные боли, мигрень.

Безымянный палец.

Органы: легкие, толстая кишка.

Эмоции: страх, пессимизм, грусть.

Физические симптомы: состояние кожи, проблемы с пищеварением, астма и другие проблемы с дыханием.

Мизинец.

Органы: сердце, тонкая кишка.

Эмоции: беспокойство, нервозность, отсутствие уверенности в себе.

Физические симптомы: болезни сердца, проблемы с костями, боль в горле.

Если у вас есть какие-либо проблемы со здоровьем в отношении некоторых из этих органов, попробуйте использовать этот японский метод и испытайте его преимущества.